Sugar Dictionary
here are some sugar facts to sink your teeth into
(unlike sugar, these facts don't promote tooth decay :-)
(unlike sugar, these facts don't promote tooth decay :-)
The first recorded cultivation of sugar cane was in
New Guinea
New Guinea
Persian
Hindi
Tunisian Arabic
Israeli Hebrew
You might have noticed that the word
sugar in different languages are very
similar. "Sugar" comes from the Sanskrit
word "Sharkkara" meaning a substance in
a granular form.
sugar in different languages are very
similar. "Sugar" comes from the Sanskrit
word "Sharkkara" meaning a substance in
a granular form.
Tibetan
Sheqer-Albanian
Azucar- Spanish
Açucar- Portugese
Sugar- English
Sucre- French
Zucker-German
Zaxap- Greek
Sukker- Danish and Norwegian
Siucar- Gaelic
Siucra- Irish
Caxap- Russian
цукор - Ukranian
Gula- Indonesia
Zucchero- Italian
3axap- Bulgarian
Sladkor- Slovenian
Cukor- Hungarian and Slovakian
şeker- Turkish
Se'cer- Bosnian or Croatian
Cukr- Czech Republic
Cukier- Polish
Suiker- Dutch
Sykur- Icelandic
Siwgur- Welsh
Sheger- Albanian
Suga- Nigerian
Sonkor- Somali
Saaxala- Aleut
Saccharum- Latin
Asukal- Tagalog
Azucar- Spanish
Açucar- Portugese
Sugar- English
Sucre- French
Zucker-German
Zaxap- Greek
Sukker- Danish and Norwegian
Siucar- Gaelic
Siucra- Irish
Caxap- Russian
цукор - Ukranian
Gula- Indonesia
Zucchero- Italian
3axap- Bulgarian
Sladkor- Slovenian
Cukor- Hungarian and Slovakian
şeker- Turkish
Se'cer- Bosnian or Croatian
Cukr- Czech Republic
Cukier- Polish
Suiker- Dutch
Sykur- Icelandic
Siwgur- Welsh
Sheger- Albanian
Suga- Nigerian
Sonkor- Somali
Saaxala- Aleut
Saccharum- Latin
Asukal- Tagalog
Sugar Cane is a member of the grass
family.
"The sugar cane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) was first
domesticated in New Guinea, and very anciently. The botanists
Artschwager and Brandes believe that there were three
diffusions of sugar cane from New Guinea, the first taking place
around 8000 B.C. Perhaps two thousand years later, the cane
was carried to the Philippines and India, and possibly to
Indonesia (though some authorities regard Indonesia as yet
another locus of domestication.)" Sweetness and Power, Sidney
W. Mintz
family.
"The sugar cane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) was first
domesticated in New Guinea, and very anciently. The botanists
Artschwager and Brandes believe that there were three
diffusions of sugar cane from New Guinea, the first taking place
around 8000 B.C. Perhaps two thousand years later, the cane
was carried to the Philippines and India, and possibly to
Indonesia (though some authorities regard Indonesia as yet
another locus of domestication.)" Sweetness and Power, Sidney
W. Mintz
Siuga is the word given to the first refined sugar in New
Guinea. This word is considered from Pidgin English.
Guinea. This word is considered from Pidgin English.
There are many types of sugar. In a list of
ingredients, one way of telling a sugar is: any word
ending in ose is a sugar. Here is a list of some
sugars...
ingredients, one way of telling a sugar is: any word
ending in ose is a sugar. Here is a list of some
sugars...
Galactose
1. Galactose is more commonly found in the disaccharide, lactose or
milk sugar. It is found as the monosaccharide in peas.
Galactose is classified as a monosaccharide, an aldose, a hexose, and is
a reducing sugar.
Galactosemia - Genetic Enzyme Deficiency:
One baby out of every 18,000 is born with a genetic defect of not being
able to utilize galactose. Since galactose is in milk as part of lactose, it
will build up in the blood and urine. Undiagnosed it may lead to mental
retardation, failure to grow, formation of cataracts, and in sever cases
death by liver damage. The disorder is caused by a deficiency in one or
more enzymes required to metabolize galactose.
The treatment for the disorder is to use a formula based upon the sugar
sucrose rather than milk with lactose. The galactose free diet is critical
only in infancy, since with maturation another enzyme is developed that
can metabolize galactose.
Ribose
1. Ribose and its related compound, deoxyribose, are the building
blocks of the backbone chains in nucleic acids, better known as DNA
and RNA. Ribose is used in RNA and deoxyribose is used in DNA.
The deoxy- designation refers to the lack of an alcohol, -OH, group as
will be shown in detail further down.
Ribose and deoxyribose are classified as monosaccharides, aldoses,
pentoses, and are reducing sugars.
1. Common Carbohydrates
Name Derivation of name and Source
Monosaccharides
Glucose From Greek word for sweet wine; grape sugar, blood
sugar, dextrose.
Galactose Greek word for milk--"galact", found as a component of
lactose in milk.
Fructose Latin word for fruit--"fructus", also known as levulose,
found in fruits and honey; sweetest sugar.
Ribose Ribose and Deoxyribose are found in the backbone
structure of RNA and DNA, respectively.
Disaccharides - contain two monosaccharides
Sucrose French word for sugar--"sucre", a disaccharide containing
glucose and fructose; table sugar, cane sugar, beet sugar.
Lactose Latin word for milk--"lact"; a disaccharide found in milk
containing glucose and galactose.
Maltose French word for "malt"; a disaccharide containing two
units of glucose; found in germinating grains, used to make beer.
1. Galactose is more commonly found in the disaccharide, lactose or
milk sugar. It is found as the monosaccharide in peas.
Galactose is classified as a monosaccharide, an aldose, a hexose, and is
a reducing sugar.
Galactosemia - Genetic Enzyme Deficiency:
One baby out of every 18,000 is born with a genetic defect of not being
able to utilize galactose. Since galactose is in milk as part of lactose, it
will build up in the blood and urine. Undiagnosed it may lead to mental
retardation, failure to grow, formation of cataracts, and in sever cases
death by liver damage. The disorder is caused by a deficiency in one or
more enzymes required to metabolize galactose.
The treatment for the disorder is to use a formula based upon the sugar
sucrose rather than milk with lactose. The galactose free diet is critical
only in infancy, since with maturation another enzyme is developed that
can metabolize galactose.
Ribose
1. Ribose and its related compound, deoxyribose, are the building
blocks of the backbone chains in nucleic acids, better known as DNA
and RNA. Ribose is used in RNA and deoxyribose is used in DNA.
The deoxy- designation refers to the lack of an alcohol, -OH, group as
will be shown in detail further down.
Ribose and deoxyribose are classified as monosaccharides, aldoses,
pentoses, and are reducing sugars.
1. Common Carbohydrates
Name Derivation of name and Source
Monosaccharides
Glucose From Greek word for sweet wine; grape sugar, blood
sugar, dextrose.
Galactose Greek word for milk--"galact", found as a component of
lactose in milk.
Fructose Latin word for fruit--"fructus", also known as levulose,
found in fruits and honey; sweetest sugar.
Ribose Ribose and Deoxyribose are found in the backbone
structure of RNA and DNA, respectively.
Disaccharides - contain two monosaccharides
Sucrose French word for sugar--"sucre", a disaccharide containing
glucose and fructose; table sugar, cane sugar, beet sugar.
Lactose Latin word for milk--"lact"; a disaccharide found in milk
containing glucose and galactose.
Maltose French word for "malt"; a disaccharide containing two
units of glucose; found in germinating grains, used to make beer.
Arabic
Bengali
Armenian
Saccharine is a word that defines the
character of sugar. It's not to be
confused with Saccharin is an artificial
sweetener that has a saccharine taste.
character of sugar. It's not to be
confused with Saccharin is an artificial
sweetener that has a saccharine taste.